ieh hkIkq BfvyN sfiraF dy sMGoN Qwly nf Auqry pr qfrIÉ gvfh hY ik iswK kOm dI rfjnIqk lIzriÈp df rfjnIqk dUraMdyÈI, rfjnIqk isafxp aqy kUtnIqk rfjnIqI df ieiqhfs icrF qoN gurbq dI jUn hMZfAuNdf af irhf hY. jdoN kdy vI kOm dI hoxI nfl juVy vwzy pRÈnF Auqy koeI itwpxI krnI hovy qF PYsly dIaF ienHF ieiqhfsk GVIaF ivc Auh bhuqf krky anfVIpuxy dI Kyz hI Kyzdy rhy hn. afËfdI dI lihr dOrfn vI iswK lIzriÈp ny Kflsy dIaF kurbfnIaF iksy hor dI JolI pvf idqIaF. jylHF kwtx ipCoN aqy srkfr dy aiqafcfr Jwlx ipCoN jdoN AunHF ƒ pMjfbI sUbf imilaf qF ies dIaF hwdF qYa krn vrgy vwzy svflF nfl nijwTx aqy srgrm pYrvI krn dI QF iswKF dy cotI dy lIzr sMq Piqh isMG ieMglYNz dI sYr krn cly gey. ies qoN bfad ikMny hI ieiqhfsk mOikaF ƒ KuMJfAux qoN bfad iswK lIzriÈp ny Drm XuwD morcy rfhIN kyNdr nfl afZf lf ilaf. ies dOrfn hI iek dOr aijhf vI afieaf jdoN ÈFqmeI Drm XuwD morcf iek vwzy hiQafrbMd sMGrÈ df rUp lY igaf. AudoN iswK lIzriÈp dI kmfn kuJ grm iKaflI ÈÉsIaqF dy hwQF ivc af geI. KfVkUvfd dOrfn 70 qoN 80 hËfr qk nOjvfnF dI blI idqy jfx qoN bfad jdoN iksy moV `qy af ky kyNdr srkfr ny pMjfb aqy iswKF dIaF mMgF mMnx leI koeNI mjbUrI vws huMgfrf Biraf qF iswK lIzriÈp iek vfr iPr koeI Xfd krn Xog BUimkf inBfAux qoN asÌl rih geI. jykr kyNdr pMjfb aqy iswKF dIaF hwkI mMgF vfsqy koeI gwl krn leI iqafr hoieaf qF awgy iswK lIzriÈp df koeI mUMh mwQf nf bixaf. KfVkU iDrF afpxf koeI iËMmyvfr rfjsI ivMg nf Ausfr skIaF, ijhVf kyNdr nfl gwlbfq rfhIN mslf hwl krky iswKF dI hoxI nfl juVy svflF ƒ hwl krn df rfh suKflf kr skdf. KfVkUvfd dy Kqm hox qoN bfad hux iswK lIzriÈp AudoN dy mukfbly quwC ijhIaF mMgF leI qrly kwZx qurI hoeI hY. pMjfb ivc huxy-huxy ÈRomxI akflI dl-Bfjpf gwTjoV ny swqf sMBflI hY. srkfr dI agvfeI ÈRomxI akflI dl kol hY qy Bfjpf Aus dI BfeIvfl hY. akflI dl (b) dI isafsq dI gwl kridaF ies gwl qoN asIN sfry vfkÌ hovFgy ik ieh pfrtI pMjfb qy dyÈ dI isafsq ivc iswKF dI numfieMdf pfrtI aKvfAux df dfavf krdI hY pr jdoN ies mOjUdf iswK lIzriÈp dI pMjfb aqy iswK msilaF pRqI phuMc dy drÈn huMdy hn qF nmoÈI hI huMdI hY. nvIN srkfr dI vfgzor pMjfb dy isrkwZ lIzr s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl dy hwQ hY. Auh cOQI vfr sUby dy muwK mMqrI bxy hn qy ÈRomxI akflI dl dy ipCly 50 sflF dy ieiqhfs ivc AunHF dI iËkrXog hfËrI rhI hY. Auh pMjfbI sUby dy gTn leI jdo jihd qoN lY ky Drm XuwD morcy smyq rfj aqy iswKF dy hor sMGrÈF ivc vI KVHy nËr afAuNdy hn pr ies lMmy qjrby dy bfvjUd iswKF aqy pMjfb dy msilaF bfry AunHF dI pyqlI qy aDUrI phuMc vyK ky koeI hYrfn hI ho skdf hY. aksr ieh vyKx ivc afAuNdf irhf hY ik iswK lIzriÈp iswKF aqy pMjfb dy msilaF bfry koeI pYNqVf aKiqafr krn vyly nf qF kdy Aus dy kfƒnI pwKF bfry sMjIdf huMdI hY qy nf hI Aus ƒ AunHF ËmInI hkIkqF df aihsfs huMdf hY, ijnHF df iswDf sbMD iswKF dy jËbfq, pMjfb dI afriQk KuÈhflI qy smUh pMjfbIaF dy BivwK nfl juiVaf huMdf hY. ijnHF ƒ mIzIaf aqy hor lok isafsq dy mMjy hoey iKzfrI kih-kih ky vizafAuNdy hn, Auh aksr pMjfb qy iswKF nfl juVy gMBIr msilaF `qy aijhIaF pyqlIaF qy hoCIaF gwlF krdy hn ik bhuq sfry aihm msly jF qF kfƒnI pycIdgIaF ivc Ps ky dm qoV idMdy hn jF iPr Auh isrÌ isafsI ibafnbfËIaF dy pYNqVy dI Byt cVH ky rih jFdy hn. pMjfb dy muwK mMqrI s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl ny muwK mMqrI bxidaF hI pMjfb dy pfxIaF dI vMz nfl sbMDq bhuq hI gihr-gMBIr msly ƒ AuTfAuNidaF ipClI kFgrs srkfr vloN pfs kIqy gey ‘‘pMjfb trmInyts aYkt`` ivcoN Dfrf-5 ƒ Kfrj krn df ibafn dfg idqf. ijhf ik hoxf hI sI, gvFZI rfj hirafxf, rfjsQfn qy idwlI qk kfÌI ho-hwlf micaf. dovF pfisaF qoN prspr ivroDI ibafnbfËI hoeI pr afKr kI inkilaf? sB ƒ pqf hY ik pfxIaF bfry pMjfb ivDfn sBf vloN pfs kIqy Aukq ibl df mfmlf suprIm kort ivc ivcfrDIn hY. rfÈtrpqI ny ies ibl `qy suprIm kort qoN rfie mMgI hY aqy suprIm kort ies muwdy `qy sfrIaF sbMDq iDrF dI rfie lY rhI hY. hux jdoN s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl dI agvfeI vflI pMjfb srkfr ny ies ibwl `qy suprIm kort ivc pyÈ afpxy ivcfr ivc ieh idqf hY ik pMjfb srkfr df Dfrf-5 nfl CyVCfV krn df koeI ierfdf nhIN qF AunHF ƒ ieh svfl puwCxf vfjb hY ik kI pihlF s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl ny ies mfmly dy iksy kfƒnI pwK jF vrqmfn rfjnIqk siQqI ƒ iDafn ivc nf rKidaF hI ieMnf vwzf aYlfn kr idqf sI. jy aijhf hI sI qF ieh inrsMdyh AunHF dI dUraMdyÈ lIzriÈp `qy svflIaf inÈfn qF lgdf hI hY, nfl hI pMjfb dy msilaF bfry AunHF dI idafnqdfrI qy zUMGI smJ vI Èwk dy Gyry ivc af jFdI hY. jykr Aukq ibafnbfËI ƒ kyvl iek isafsI pYNqVybfËI dy nukqy qoN vyKIey qF vI ieh Gfty vflf sOdf hI hY. sB jfxdy hn ik pMjfb dy pfxIaF dI vMz df mfmlf ieQoN dI iksfnI qy iswKF nfl Bfvuk qOr `qy juiVaf hoieaf hY. lokF dy jËbfq nfl Kyzx vfly iksy rfjnIqk pYNqVy dy kI iswty inkldy rhy hn qy kI inkl skdy hn, ies bfry Èfied s[ bfdl BlIBFq jfxdy hoxgy. jykr ies msly ƒ bfdl mfarkf isafsq dI ‘aftf-dfl` vMngI nfl joiVaf jfvy qF pMjfb dy pfxIaF dy msly `qy iswK lIzriÈp dI gMBIrqf df aMdfËf vI sihjy lfieaf jf skdf hY. s[ bfdl vloN pMjfb dy grIbF nfl coxF qoN pihlF kIqf igaf 4 rupey iklo aftf qy 20 rupey iklo dfl dyx df vfadf hux AUT dy buwlH vFg ltkdf hI jf irhf hY. pihlF ies skIm dy lfB-pfqrIaF leI ÈrqF lwgxIaF ÈurU hoeIaF qy hux srvy hox dIaF gwlF ho rhIaF hn. AuNJ vI ssqf aftf-dfl skIm dI ÈurUafq krn dI qrIk awgy-awgy pYNdI jf rhI hY jo ies skIm dI hoxI bfry huxy qoN hI sfÌ dws rhI hY. bfkI jykr ssqf aftf-dfl skIm dy Gyry ivc afAux vfly lokF dI gwl krnI hovy qF Èfied ieh skIm kdy lfgU hI nf ho sky. jykr iswK lIzriÈp ny pMjfb dy pfxIaF dy msly ƒ vI ‘aftf-dfl` skIm vFg hI iek isafsI hiQafr smJ riKaf hY qF ies vwzy msly pRqI Aus dI gMBIrqf df aMdfËf qusIN Kud lgf skdy ho. jdoN vI kdy iswKF dy afgUaF dI dUraMdyÈI qoN swKxI aqy ivroDIaF dI isafsI cflF ivc Ps ky Kud leI hI mfrU smJOiqaF aqy iekrfrnfimaF `qy shI pfAux dI gwl kIqI jfvy qF sfzy sfhmxy Jwt rfjIv-lONgovfl smJOqy dI imsfl pyÈ ho jFdI hY. sMn 1985 `c Bfrq dy AudoN dy pRDfn mMqrI sRI rfjIv gFDI aqy ÈRomxI akflI dl dy pRDfn sMq hrcMd isMG lONgovfl drimafn hoey Aukq smJOqy df kfƒnI pwK iblkul hI KoKlf hY. idlcsp gwl hY ik Bfrq dy pRDfn mMqrI nfl pMjfb dIaF mMgF dy iksy smJOqy `qy hsqfÉr krn vyly pMjfb srkfr iblkul hI gYrhfËr hY. isrÌ iek rfjnIqk pfrtI, ijs dy iswKF aqy pMjfbIaF dI numfieMdf jmfq hox bfry vI ikMny hI ivvfd hn, dy pRDfn koeI aijhf smJOqf krdy hn, jo iswK kOm, pMjfb aqy dyÈ leI ikMnI hI aihmIaq rKdf hY. sMq lONgovfl vloN ies smJOqy dy kfƒnI pwKF bfry kIqI geI axgihlI df KimafËf ies smJOqy ƒ lfgU krfAux vfsqy koeI vI kfƒnI cfrfjoeI nf ho skx ivc inkl irhf hY. iswK lIzriÈp dI bOiDk grIbI df svfl kfÌI vwzf hY. ies kfrn ies iKwqy dy lok aqy iswK kOm bhuq iBafnk hfdisaF ivcoN guËr cuky hn aqy nyV BivwK ivc iksy vwzy suDfr dI koeI AumId vI nhIN hY. iksy rfj aqy kOm dI agvfeI kr rhIaF iDrF ƒ ieMnI ku smJ lfËmI hoxI bxdI hY ik Auh ijs msly bfry koeI gwl kr rhy hn jF koeI stYNz lYx jf rhy hn, Aus dy sMivDfnk qy kfƒnI pihlU kI hn. Aus msly dIaF brIk qMdF ikQy-ikQy aqy ikMnIaF gihry qOr `qy juVIaF hoeIaF hn. pMjfb aqy iswK kOm nfl juVy msilaF `qy pyqlI aqy aDUrI phuMc rKx vflI iswK lIzriÈp df ieiqhfs Èfied ajy hor lMmyrf hY.