jo sUrf iqs hI hoie mrxf..
jo BfgY iqsu jonI iPrxf.. (1019)

iswK kOm df ieiqhfs ismrn, syvf, prAupkfr aqy kurbfnIaF df ieiqhfs hY. ijnHF gurU ipafiraF ny kOm dI afn qy Èfn leI, akih qy asih qsIhy shfrdy hoey, Èhfdq dy jfm pIqy aqy gurU pfqÈfh jI dIaF KuÈIaF pRfpq kIqIaF, AunHF ivwc ÈhId BfeI mnI isMG jI df iewk invyklf sQfn hY. BfeI mnI isMG jI afpxy smyN dy mhfn sUrbIr, qpwsvI, ivdvfn qy ilKfrI sn, ijnHF ƒ pMQ ivwc mhfn AuWcf drjf pRfpq sI. BfeI mnI isMG jI, ijnHF df jnm ipMz kYNbovfl, iËlHf sMgrUr dy cODrI kfly dy Gr hoieaf, ƒ CotI Aumry hI mfipaF ny sRI gurU qyg bhfdr jI dI hËUrI ivwc arpx kr idwqf sI. AuprMq afp sRI dsmyÈ ipqf jI dI syvf ivwc vI rhy aqy AuÍHF pfsoN hI aMimRq dI dfq pRfpq kIqI. jdoN sMn 1704 ivwc klgIDr pfqÈfh ny afnMdpur sfihb Cwizaf qF gurU jI dI afigaf anusfr afp gurU ky mihl mfqf suMdrI jI qy mfqf sfihb dyvF jI ƒ lY ky idwlI cly gey. gurU sfihb dy swcKMz ipafnf krn mgroN mfqf suMdrI jI ny BfeI mnI isMG jI ƒ sRI hirmMdr sfihb sRI aMimRqsr dy muwK gRMQI Qfp ky Byijaf. ies syvf ƒ afp jI ny bhuq hI adb-siqkfr qy iËMmyvfrI nfl inBfieaf. ijQy afp ivhly smyN gurbfxI dIaF poQIaF ilKdy qy ilKvMdy, iswK sMgqF nfl bcn-iblfs krdy qy AunHF dy ÈMky nivrq krdy, AuQy svyry sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI bfxI dI kQf aqy Èfm ƒ gur-ieiqhfs srvx krfAuNdy. bfbf bMdf isMG bhfdr dI ÈhIdI AuprMq sMn 1716 ivwc iewk aihm ieiqhfsk Gtnf vfprI.
pMQ df iewk DVf bfbf bMdf isMG bhfdr ƒ hI afpxf rihnumf mMn ky afpxy afp ƒ bMdeI Kflsf aKvfAux lwgf. dUjy pfsy dsmyÈ ipqf jI vwloN sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI ƒ gurqfgwdI idwqy jfx kfrn sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI ivwc afsQf rwKx vflf DVf qwq Kflsf aKvfAux lwgf. ienHF DiVaf ivwc vD rhI pfto-DfV qoN smuwcf pMQ zfZf duKI sI. ies smyN mfqf suMdrI jI ny BfeI mnI isMG jI ƒ ienHF DiVaF ivwc smJOqf krfAux dI iËMmyvfrI sONpI, ijs ƒ afp jI ny bhuq hI sUJ-bUJ nfl nijwiTaf. donoN DiVaF vwloN vwK-vwK prcIaF pfvn srovr ivwc pfeIaF geIaF, ies inrxy nfl ik ijs dI prcI zuwb jfvygI, Auh DVf dUjy DVy dI srpRsqI mMn lvygf. kuJ smyN bfad bMdeI Kflsy dI prcI zuwb geI aqy qwq Kflsy dI qrdI rihx kfrn bMdeI iswKF ny afpxf hT iqafg idwqf aqy iewk gMBIr mslf ÈFqI sihq inwbV igaf. bfbf bMdf isMG bhfdr dI cVHq smyN Kflsf pMQ df bolbflf hoxf ÈurU ho igaf sI aqy qurk jo dwby-dwby mihsUs kr rhy sn, bfbf jI dI ÈhIdI AuprMq GurinaF ivwcoN inklxy ÈurU ho gey aqy isMGF AuWqy pihlF qoN vI vDyry sKqI df dOr ÈurU ho igaf. hux iswKF dy iekwqr hox aqy sRI hirmMdr sfihb srovr ivwc ieÈnfn krn `qy pUrn pfbMdI sI. sRI hirmMdr sfihb dy muwK gRMQI, BfeI mnI isMG jI ny isMGF ƒ iekwqr krn leI dIvflI df hI idn ÈuwB jfixaF aqy sUbf ËkrIaF Kfn ƒ pMj hËfr rupey kr vjoN dyxf mMn ky 1790 ibkrmI dI dIvflI aMimRqsr ivKy mnfAux dI AucycI mnËUrI leI. hfkmF ny vI soicaf ik cMgf hY iesy bhfny nfl isMG iekwTy ho jfxgy qy sfzI ienHF ƒ jMglF-bIafbfnF ivwcoN lwB-lwB ky mfr-mukfAux dI KvfrI Gwt jfvygI. BfeI sfihb ny isMGF ƒ ies sfiËÈ dI vI Kbr kr idwqI. dUr-duryzy bYTy isMGF ƒ pihlF qF cfAu cVH igaf sI ik aMimRq srovr ivwc rwj-rwj ky tuwBy lfvFgy qy ipafsf buJfvFgy aqy BfrI igxqI ivwc puwjx dy pRogrfm vI bxfey, pRMqU jdoN muglF dI kuitlqf dI jfxkfrI pRfpq hoeI qF ivrilaF hI vhIrF GwqIaF aqy AunHF ny vI jdoN srI aMimRqsr dy ierd-igrd mugleI POjF dIaF DfVF bYTIaF vyKIaF qF jfx-buwJ ky cuMgl ivwc PsxfXog nf smiJaf. gwl kI, hkUmq dy sB mnsUby Dry-Drfey rih gey. dIvflI df mylf BfvyN nhIN sI Biraf, pRMqU iKJy hoey hfkmF ny iPr vI BfeI sfihb pfsoN pMj hËfr rupey dI rkm mMg ByjI. bRhm igafnI dI mUrq BfeI mnI isMG jI ny rkm qfrn qooN sfP ienkfr kr idwqf aqy ikhf ik jdoN hkUmq hI smJOqy qoN iPr geI hY qF asIN pYsy ikAuN qfrIey? nqIjy vwjoN BfeI sfihb ƒ igRPqfr krky lfhOr iljfieaf igaf, ijQy sUby vwloN tYks qfrn, ieslfm kbUlx qy jF iPr mOq leI iqafr hor df Purmfn suxfieaf igaf. ngr invfsIaF dy BfrI Ëor dyx dy bfvjUd vI ik Ëurmfny dI rkm asIN Br idMdy hF, BfeI sfihb ny mOq lfVI pRnfAux ƒ pRmuwKqf idwqI. jlfdF ƒ BfeI sfihb df bMd-bMd kwt ky ÈhId krn df hukm hoieaf. BfeI sfihb azol qy ÈFq smfDI ivwc asiQq gurbfxI df jfp krdy rhy. jlfd afieaf qF Aus ny jldI ivwc BfeI sfihb dy guwt ƒ hI kwtxf cfihaf. BfeI sfihb ny jlfd df hwQ pkV ky ikhf ik BfeI ieMj nhIN, ijvyN hukm hoieaf hY iqvyN hI bMd-bMd kwt, mYƒ iesy ivwc hI anMd dI pRfpqI huMdI hY-

ary jlfd Kudfie vfsqy, myrf khXf kmfvo,
aOr inmk ijskf qum KYho, Auskf hukm bjfvo.
joV ijq khYN myry qn mYN, judy judy sB kfto.
joV CoV jy iek BI dYho, qO arQfq mYN zfto.
iem kih Pqy bulf ky isMG jI, dihnI Bujf psfrI.
iek iek AuNglI qRY qRY QfvYN, qy ktvfeI sfrI.
pun phucf, kUhxI ar moZf, sYnq sfQ ktfey.
afp rhXo sRI jpujI pVHdy, drd n Ërf jqfey.

qy ieMj bMd-bMd ktvf ky Èhfdq dI aijhI imsfl kfiem kIqI, ijs df dunIaF dy ieiqhfs ivwc ikDry vI sfnI nhIN imldf. BfeI mnI isMG jI dI aduwqI Èhfdq ny kOm ƒ iewk nvF jIvn bKÈ idwqf, isMG sUrmy Ëflm srkfr nfl do hwQ krn leI iPr qoN kmrksy krn lwgy. ksUr df pTfx momn Kfn, jo gÈqI POj lY ky iswKF df srvnfÈ krn leI hMkfiraf iPrdf sI, df isr vwZ ky Kflsf jI dy dIvfn ivwc pyÈ krn vfly BfeI awGV isMG jI, BfeI mnI isMG jI dy BqIjy hI sn. gwl kI, iswK pMQ dI gOrvqf leI BfeI mnI isMG jI dI bMd-bMd ktvf ky pRfpq kIqI Èhfdq df iewk invyklf sQfn hY aqy ies Èhfdq ny kurbfnIaF dy ieiqhfs ivwc iewk nvF aiDafey ÈurU kIqf hY. Èfier df kQn bVf sfrQk hY-

koeI vwKrI iksm dI afqmf huMdI ÈhIdF dI,
Èhfdq hr iksy iensfn dy ihwsy `c aFdI nhIN.

ÈhId kOmF df srmfieaf huMdy hn. afE! aijhy mhfn ÈhIdF dIaF kurbfnIaF qoN pRyrnf lY gurmiq gfzI-rfh dy DfrnI ho gurU dIaF bKiÈÈF dy pfqr bxIey.

jQy-avqfr isMG
pRDfn ÈRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI sRI aMimRqsr.