rfj krygf Éflsf afkI rhy n koie .

Kuafr hoey sB imlihMgy bcy Èrn jo hoie.

Drq-aflHxy AuWqy asIN hF sBy sihBfgI’’ avwigafkfrI aqy gusqfÉ afkI, ajoky Xuwg dy ieiqhfs ivwc kfmXfbI nfl, lgfqfr, pRqIinDI-pRQf df ÈoÈx aqy kudrqI-vfqfvrx dy vYrI kfƒnF dI AusfrI, DrqI aqy afkfÈ AuWqy afpxy kbËy aqy ies ƒ dOlq iwvc bdlx rfhIN kr irhf hY. PlsrUp, DrqI dy jIvn-pflk aMimRq ƒ lgfqfr soK irhf hY . aijhy kfbËkfrF vfly sQfpq inËfm duafrf iËhnI qOr ’qy Êulfm kIqI geI Élkq hI aijhy isstm dI rfKI bxf idwqI geI hY ijhVI ik bRihmMzI-cyqnf nfl lbryË, Èbd-surq aqy qvfrIKI pwKoN cyqMn juJfrUaF AuWqy afpy hI ktkF vFgUM tuwt-tuwt pYNdI hY . ivrly hn ijhVy amlF ivwc iËMdgI ijAUNdy hn-sUKm hsqI dy kfienfqI srUp vflI; hMny-hMny mIrI-pIrI vfly bhu-DruvI sMsfr dI pRfpqI dIaF koiÈÈF ivwc lgn-mgn-ies eykf-kyNdrI mhF- afkrFqf kyNdrq bhu-BfeIcfrk iewjVF vflI mMdI dldl ivckfr . ies gRih AuWqy kudrq dIaF bÉiÈÈF isrÌ afpxI ksb-ikrq rfhIN BuMcx dy Ìrj nfl lYs sm-sihBfgI asIN, srb-ÈkqImfn, Ëfhrf-ËhUr hfËrf-hËUr isRÈtI dI mÉlUk hF. jdoN ik Êulfm kIqy gieaF dI Êulfm mfniskqf dy sQfeIkrx ihq syDq iswiKaf aqy hor sMcfr sfDnF rfhIN, afkI duÈmx nvIN dihsdI dy Éumfr ƒ, afpxIaF kTpuqlIaF ƒ, dihsdI-ÈÉsIaq dy rUp ivwc pyÈ krdy af rhy hn qF ies mOky asI iql Br Gwt-igxqI ‘Ëfhrf-ËhUr kfienfq ivclI sicafeI’ dy pYNqVy vfly Drq-aflHxy AuWqy kudrq dy vrqmfn srUp ivclI sfbq-sUrq qrnqfrI qfkq, ijhVI ik vrBMzI hukm dIaF ÈkqIaF dI sMcflk Ëfhr sfDn hY, AuWqy zUMGf eImfn rwKx vfly asIN, rUhfnI qskInF ivwc, BfeI jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF ƒ ‘vIhvIN sdI df mnuwK’ aYlfnx AuWqy suKdfeI anuBv dI god ivwc mihsUs krdy hF . Éflsf qoN qwq-arQ ieh vI inkldf hY ik sB bMdy kudrq dy hn . kudrq dy bMdy Auh huMdy hn ijhVy jfgy hoey hn-ik Auh kudrq dy hn ; ijhiVaF ƒ cfnx hY ik Auh kudrq dy hn; nf Auh BilaF aqy nf hI mMidaF dI iDr ivwc Èfml hn, ikAuNik cMgy mMdy DVy mnuwKI hAumY dI ksOtI AuWqy bxdy hn . aijhy hAumYvfdI DVy qF kudrq AuWqy Ìqih pfAux leI lwk bMnH lYNdy hn . kI srmfeydfrI, kI smfjvfdI aqy kI qfnfÈfhI rfj-sfry hI kudrq ƒ kTpuqlI vFg ncfAuxf locdy rhy hn . afDuink Xuwg (Trdkga 1pk) df ieiqhfs qF mnuwK dIaF iehnF hI ÈyKicwlI vflIaF hrkqF df sbUq hY aqy myrI quwC buwDI anusfr ieh sfrIaF qfkqF gurmiq ivcfrF anusfr ‘afkI’ qfkqF hn . akfl-purK vfihgurU jI df Éflsf kOx hY ? Auh ‘Kflsf’ hY ijhVf kudrq ivwc BrpUr vws rhI aqy anMq swqf sMbMDI jfgrUk hY; ijs ny afpxf afpf pUry hoÈo-hvfs aqy sihj inscy ivwc siQr ho ky ies akflI swqf dy Bfxy ƒ sOipaf hY . aijhf mnuwK hI Éflsf hY, Bfv kudrq df bMdf hY . kudrq df hr bMdf, jIv, DuroN pRBUswqf-Dfrk hI afAuNdf hY . Aus dI mrËI hY ik afpxI pRBUswqf pRfpq hsqI vwloN bÉÈI mIrI-pIrI, igafn aqy gurqf rfhIN duinafvI afkfvF XfnI mflkF jF svfmIaF dy bfxy aqy rcy JUTy jg dI ÈnfÉq kry aqy iehnF ƒ Zfh ky mYdfn kry . sMsfr dy bhuqy dyÈF ivwc mnuwKI sMsQfvF, ijnHF ƒ asIN kfƒn, sMivDfn, inËfm, Ëfbqf aqy Qfxy-kcihrIaF afid swddy hF, ieh afkI ibrqIaF dy somy, pflxhfry, GVnhfr aqy Ëfmn hn aqy afkIaF dy pihrydfr sfbq hoey hn . iehnF jugqF ny mnuwK dI DuroN bÉÈI pRBUswqf ƒ amlI qOr AuWqy dunIaf aMdr srgrm nhIN hox dyxf . iehnF qoN Éuafr ho ky afÉr mnuwK socdf hY ik jdoN qIkr ‘afkI’ ies sMsfr AuWqy bfkI hn qF smfnqf, brfbrI dy isDFq jF awgy vDx dy brfbr hwk isrÌ idKfvy dy afzMbr hn ikAuNik inÈfnf qF iPr vI afkI (kbËfkfrI ibrqIaF aqy pRfpqI) bxnf hI hY . DrqI mnuwKF aqy hor jIvF df aflHxf hY aqy asIN sfry hI ies dIaF bÉiÈÈf BuMcx vfly sihBfgI hF . ieiqhfs ivwc sB qoN pihlF siqgur pfqÈfh goibMd isMG jI duafrf pRgt kIqy akfl purK jI dy ‘Éflsy’ ny Drq dy vMzy hoey iewk aflHxy AuWqy kfbË, mnuwKF dI pRBuswqf ƒ jbrI hVwpI bYTI, afkI rfjÈfhI ƒ Zfh ky mYdfn kIqf aqy iPr bfhrI aflHixaF (mulkF) dy afkf, ijhVy afËfd aqy smfn sihBfgIaF dy aflHxy AuWqy ibwly vFgUM Jpwtf mfrn afey, ƒ Aultf AuhnF dy hI aflHixaF ivwc kYd kr idwqf . ies pIrF dy pIr aqy mIrF dy mIr ‘Éflsy’ ny mIrI, ijhVI gurU gRMQ sfihb dy igafn kfrx pRfpq hoeI hY, ƒ lMgr vFgUM hMny-hMny vrqf idwqf . pMjfb aflHxy dy aMdr Éflsf-rfj vyly mnuwK ny dIvfnI, ËfbqfdfrI, adlI aqy ikwqfkfrI ivwc pRBUswqf, sihBfgI svY-rfj rfhIN BogI (1752-1849R)-ijs df rfKf Éud gurU-pMQ ‘Éflsf’ sI . Aus qoN bfad amrIkI aqy ÌrFsIsI ienklfb (1783, 1789R) afey aqy bfad ivwc rUsI (1917), cInI (195) afid ienklfb afey . pihly ienklfb rfjÈfhI afkf dy iÉlfÌ sI qF jo rfjsI qfkq (mIrI) afkf dI igRÌq qoN afËfd ho ky lokF ivwc vrqy . bfad dy lfl ienklfb vjoN jfxy jFdy sMgRfm hr pRkfr dy srmfeydfrI afkf aqy afkf ibrqIaF dy iÉlfÌ isry cVHfey gey sn . pr sfry ienklfbI, pRqIinDI sMsQfvF duafrf Twgy gey . afkf ibrqIaF ny sB kuJ KrId ilaf aqy pRqIinDI sMsQfvF nvIaF afkf-qfkqF dy ihqF dI pRqIinDqf krn lwg peIaF-iewQoN qk ik aMqr-rfÈtrI sMsQfvF vI AuhnF dy ihq pUrdIaF ivKfeI idMdIaF hn . hux srb-sMsfrI afkf-ibrqIaF aqy hsqIaF dy dOr vflf AuWqr-afDuink rfj ÈurU ho cuwkf hY pr hflF qIkr Éflsf-rfj vfly bhu-DruvI sMsfr, bhu-kyNdrI smfj, ikwqf-pyÈfvrI-mflkI ieiqafidk dy bIj ies AuWqr-afDuink kfl dI kuwK ny sivkfr nhIN kIqy . lwgdf hY ik AuWqr- afDuink kfl dy mnuwKF ny KuafrI dy dOr df suafd lYx qoN ibnf sbk nhIN iswKxf . jy iswKygf qF hI qF ‘iswK’ hovygf aqy jy iswK ho ky iswKygf qF hI Auh kudrq-akfl df Ëfhrf-ËhUr srUp hY. iesy kfrx Éflsf-ibrqI hmyÈf hI kudrq aqy mnuwKF AuWqy kfbËkfrI-ibrqI dI DfrxI afkf-ibrqI nfl KMzf KVkfAuNdI rihMdI hY . Ìrk ieh hY ik bhuqI vfrI Éflsf sMboDn dy Dfrk isrÌ ByK Dfrx ƒ hI ibrqI df bdl smJ lYNdy hn aqy kkfrF ƒ jnyAU vrgI Bfvnf aqy pRXojn smJ ky hI kwtVqf ivKfldy hn jdoN ik kkfr qF afkf ansrF, ijnHF dI mflkI ivwc qbfhkun qfkqvrnfÈkfrI sfDn-Èsqr mOjUd hn, dy ivruwD jUJx aqy mYdfnf krx ihq, Éflsy dI Cfpf-mfrU ijMdgI dy sMd aqy hiQafr hn-ijnHF dy Brosy sMg Auh ‘dMgf-pMgf’ rcf ky afkI ivvsQf ƒ AuQl-puQl ivwc pfAuNdf hY aqy AuhnF ƒ qbfhkfrI aqy nfÈkfrI ÈsqR-sfDnF qoN mukq kr ky sMq-ibrqI ƒ sONpdf hY ikAuNik sMq jg ivwc hmyÈf hI shfeI huMdf hY . pMQ-Éflsf gurU dI pdvI ’qy suÈoiBq hY-ies kfrx ijwQy-ijwQy afkf aqy afkf ibrqIaF iÉlfÌ jMg jF sMgfRm ho irhf hY Auh jfxy jF axjfxy ‘Éflsf-pfqÈfhI’ leI sMgRfm ikhf jfxf bxdf hY . ihMdusqfn df smfjI srUp ‘aiq-kyNdrq bhu-BfeIcfrf’ afidk ÈbdF ivwc ibafinaf jf skdf hY . ieh vrx-pRQf AuWqy afDfrq hY aqy .fIvIN sdI dI ÈurUafq vyly Auprokq smfj dy pRfcIn-kflIn buinafdI sfihq ƒ XUnIvristIaF dy islybs ivwc lfgU kIqf jf irhf hY jdoN ik bhuqf qF pihlF hI pVHfieaf jf irhf hY qF jo aijhy smfj ƒ hI asIN suqy-iswD hI suBfvk rUp ivwc, iswiKaf-isstm rfhIN, srboqm aqy afdrÈ mMn ky hAumY-pRDfn ÈÉsIaq bxy rhIey . aijhI iswiKaf-dIiKaf dy Dfrk ihMdusqfn dy sfry BfeIcfiraF ivwc vwzI igxqI ivwc mOjUd hn ; mfnisk rUp ivwc Êulfm hn aqy duinafvI pYNqVy ivwc Auh ktkF vFgUM Éflsf-ibrqI-DfrkF AuWqy tuwt pYx leI iqafr rihMdy hn . ‘aflHxy dy smfn sihBfgI’ afidk ivcfr AuhnF dy pyÈfvr-mukfbilaF dy ÈihrI arQcfry aqy nIqI dy dMgl, ijnHF ivwc sihBfgIaF dIaF lfÈf AuWqy pYr rwK ky lMGxf pYNdf hY afidk, dy sfhvyN AuhnF ƒ smJ hI nhIN pYNdy; sgoN Aultf cuMiDafeI hoeI smJ dy Dfrk Auh, iehnF ivcfrF ƒ nf smJdy hoey vI, iehnF dy DfrnIaF ƒ pCVy hoey dwsdy hn . ies ƒ kihMdy hn, ‘pfpI ky mfrny ko pfp mhFblI .’ cuMiDafeIaF hoeIaF ieh pfpI afkf-ibrqIaF pfp sMgRih kr rhIaF hn aqy asIN jfxdy hF ik kudrq dI lfTI dI afvfË nhIN huMdI, dyr nfl afAuNdI hY pr drusq afAuNdI hY aqy jdoN afAuNdI hY qF pfpI afkf--ibrqIaF aMnHIaF-bolIaF ho jFdIaf hn . ieh siQqI awj vI, pMj sO sfl pihlF khI hoeI, swc hY ik ihMdusqfn-rqn iehnF (afkf-ibrqIaF) ny ivgfV ilaf hY aqy hux rfh nËr nhIN af  rhf . Èrm-Drm dovyN Cup KVHy hn; jnyAUDfrI aqy klmfDfrI (muslmfn) qF Cwzo, hux qF Éflsf-ByKfDfrI hI Éflsf-ibrqI-DfrkF dy afhU lfhux leI nf isrÌ iqar-br-iqafr hI hY, sgoN ipCly kfÌI simaF qoN afhU lfhuMdf vI af irhf hY . ieh krfmfq sMcfr aqy iswiKaf-sfDnF aqy ikrq dI ÊulfmI afidk dI hY, ijhVy pUrb aqy pwCm ny, afkf mksdF leI, myl ky iswD kr ley hn . iswK ihqF dI AusfrI aqy rwiKaf leI vI ieho sfDn iswKF duafrf hI nkl kr ky Ausfr ley gey hn aqyú lgfqfr isrjy jf rhy hn . iesy kfrx iswK-sMsQfvF, nqIjy vjoN, afkI-ibrqIaF df ivroD qF kI, afkI-ibrqIaF dI ÈnfÉq vI nhIN kr skdIaF . gurduafry qwq-arQ anusfr ‘sfDn-duafrf’ jF ’gurduafrf’ XfnI ‘jugqI-duafrf’ dy rUp ivwc iswK-iswiKaf dy sfDn hox df ËrIaf hoxf cfhIdy sn nf ik pUjf aqy arfDnf dy kyNdr . hux qF qÉqF dy jQydfr hI iehnF ƒ pUjf dy asQfn jF gurU-ú Gr krfr dy rhy hn; krfr dyx vI ikAuN nf ? afÉrkfr ieh pRqIinDI sMsQfvF dy mulfËm hn aqy afkf-ibrqIaF dy ihqf dy pihrydfr aqy pRqIinDI-inËfm dy lfB-pRfpq-krqf aMg hn . hux qF sfry ihMdusqfn dy gurduafiraF dy eykIkrx dy kfƒn dI mMg kIqI jf rhI hY . iknHF koloN ? iks mksd leI? mirafdf df eykIkrx krn ihq iks qfkq df iesqymfl hovygf ? Éflsy dy mflk akfl purK koloN qF kfƒn dI mMg ho hI nhIN skdI. gurduafry dyÈ dy kfƒn dI kbwzI Kyzx dy asQfn aqy jnm, mrn-prny dy krm-kFzI asQfn mfqr ho inwbVy hn . gurU gRMQ sfihb dI kfƒnI-hsqI dy nF AuWqy hËfrF eykV ËmInF jF jfiedfdF hn-ijnHF qoN bhuq lokIN psInf vhf ky irËk pYdf krdy hn, Drm dI ikrq krdy hn . kwlH ƒ sfzy ivclIaF afkf-ibrqIaF kcihrIaF ivwc mukwdmy drj kr ky gurU gRMQ sfihb ƒ afkf DVy ivwc Èfml kr lYxgy; Drm dI ikrq krn vfilaF ƒ ËmInF qoN drbdr gurU gRMQ sfihb dy nfm AuWqy kIqf jfvygf . ies pRkfr ckRivXU sPl ho jfvygf, ijs dy ivwc, afrMB vyly, afgUaF dI ÊlqI rfhIN iswK-smUh kfƒn dy iewk vwzy mhF-akfrI ZFcy ivwc aYs[jI[pI[sI[ aYkt rfhIN afpxI mrËI nfl Gus igaf sI . ies BUl-BuleIaF vfly mhF-akfrI ZFcy ivwc ieh smUh guaficaf hoieaf hY ikAuNik ‘iswKI’ guafc geI hY aqy prdysx-pujfrI ibrqI qyj-pUjf dI Bfl ivwc ds gurUaF ƒ kdy avqfr, kdy pYÊMbr, kdy dyhDfrI gurU-zMm aqy dyhDfrI svfmIaF, sMqF-sfDF dy rUp ivwc ZUMzdI ivafkul hoeI peI hY . vwzy Bfg mnuwK dy, ‘hirjU’ dy mnuwKf dyhI ’c hirmMdr ivwc afvx dy kfrx jfgy sn . awj bfhrmuKI krm-kFzF kfrx ‘qyj’ dyhI ƒ iqafg igaf hY aqy Bfg mwQy qoN imt cuwky hn . Auprokq ibafny gey ‘kfƒn’ nukqy dy Ëor nfl hI, styt dI atMk qfkq dy iesqymfl duafrf hI sfry ihMdusqfn dy gurduafiraF dI mirafdf, afl ieMzIaf gurduafrf aYkt rfhIN hI iewk krn dI koiÈÈ kIqI jf rhI hY . afgUaF, aKOqI nOjuafnF aqy buwDIjIvI prfjIvIaF duafrf afl ieMzIaf gurduafrf aYkt mMigaf jf irhf hY aqy srkfr ivKfvy df ivroD jF ‘dyrI’ iesqymfl kr ky, ies aYkt sMbMDI iswK ihqF aqy hwkF dy pRsMg ivwc, ckRivXU ivwc Psy BuwlV iswKF ƒ Auksf rhI hY, BVkf rhI hY. ‘sunihrI ipMjry df qoqf Kfvy imrcF, afËfd AuzfrIaF vfly qoiqaF ƒ kry itckrF .’ es qrHF koeI vI mjHbI-igxqI jF BfeIcfrf jF smUh afpxI iÌqrq anusfr ijAU nhIN skdf qy es kfrx qrwkI vI nhIN kr skdf ikAuNik iBMnqf isrÌ ByK dI hY jdoN ik qfkqF dy aiqk NdrIkrn kfrx, afeInI (kfƒnI) Ëor-jbr duafrf, styt ƒ hmlfvr jrvfxy dy rUp ivwc sQfpq r ky Aus asUl ƒ ijbh kIqf jf irhf hY ijs anusfr sB suKfly vs skdy hn aqy koeI bfhrf nhIN dsdf . Auh asUl hY bhu-kyNdrq, bhu-BfeIcfrk smfj vflf asUl, ijhVf isafsI aqy inËfmI wqf dI afËfdI df isrÌ svY-pRbMD dy pwDr ’qy Ëfmn hY-Auh vI sihBfgI rUp ivwc. jdoN sMsfr Brdy isrkwZ mnuwK AuWcIaF kdrF-kImqF dIaF bfqF pfAuNdy hn qF Auprokq ksOtI AuWqy prKx AuprMq AuhnF dI hkIkq sfmHxy af jFdI hY . afkI ibrqIaF ny afpxf kbËf pwkf krn leI hr ‘vsq’ aqy hr ‘kImq’ dy bfËfr isrj ley hn . bfËfr ivwc ivkx vflI pYdfvfr hI lfBkfrI pYdfvfr ho geI hY . ÊYr-bfËfrI vsq dirwdrqf bx geI hY . jIvn-aMimRq dI bÉiÈÈ vflI kdr-kImq df koeI bfËfr nhIN huMdf . hr rMg, nMg-ZMg, lfBkfrI pYdfvfr dy bfËr ƒ grm krn leI vriqaf jFdf hY . nMg df bfËfr qF ieqnf BrpUr aqy TgAurf aqy mfXfvI ckRivXU ivwc lY jfx vflf mfrg hY ik mnuwK dy inwjI iCx vI ies ny sMmoihq kr ley hn. bfËfr ny DrqI dy sfbq-sUrq srUp ƒ KMzq kr dwqf hY aqy DrqI muMn ky srp-cMmI mfzl bxf idwqI geI hY . Auprokq Kfkf ‘afkI’ aqy ‘Éflsf’ drF-kImqF drimafn afid-kflI XuwD hY; ‘qUM’ aqy ‘mYN’ dI srbkflI jMg hY, ‘sur’ aqy ‘asur’ dI RYlokI jMg hY . BfeI jrnYl isMG ijhVIaF kdrF-kImqF dI iDr vflf jMgI XoDf sI Auh kdrF- kImqF aqy AuhnF dI iDr hmyÈf hI bfËfrI kdrF-kImqF dIaF awKF ivwc rVkdI rhI hY . isafsq aqy srmfeydfrI dy bfËfr ivwc, smyq AuhnF dy ijhVy srmfey ƒ hiQafAuxf cfhuMdy hn, munfÌy jF munfÌy dI vMz vfly XuwD ivwc BfeI jrnYl isMG vrigaF ƒ vwzf roVf jF aVcx smiJaf jFdf hY . so sdfcfrI nukqf sMsfr aqy kudrq dy ËKIiraF AuWqy kbËy vflf nhIN huMdf ik sfrf inËfm hI AuWDr syDq kr ilaf jfvy . ‘Éflsf’ ivcfr kudrq dy bMidaF vflf hY ik kudrq dIaF bÉiÈÈF ƒ imhnq duafrf syvn kIqf jfvy XfnI BuMicaf jfvy, nf ik bfËfrI qOr-qrIikaF vflI vrqoN kIqI jfvy . ies bfËfrI vrqoN dI isafsI Ksmfxy vflI cfl ny sMsfr ƒ ‘Bojn dI jMg’ ivwc AulJf rwiKaf hY jdoN ik ‘Éflsf’ kdrF-kImqF ny Bojn dI jMg, ‘dygo qyg Ìqih’, sMgq-pMgq rfhIN ijwqI aqy ies ƒ pwikaF krdI hoeI qfkq ‘pMQ-sMgTn’ vflI ‘qyg’ rfhIN pMQ-pfqÈfhI sQfpq kr ky rOÈn kIqI . mnuwK ies kudrq jF isRÈtI dI mÉlUk hY, Ésm nhIN ik ijvyN cfhy vrqy . BfvyN Auh iksy mulk df cuixaf afgU hovy, BfvyN qfnfÈfh, BfvyN rfjkI jmfq, BfvyN smfjvfdI jF sfmrfjvfdI jmfq . jdoN ieh Buwldy hn ik Auh kudrq dI mÉlUk hn (hmyÈf hI Buwldy hn) aqy pfpF dy GVy Br ky AuWCldy hn qF mOky anusfr Éflsf kdrF-kImqF BfeI jrnYl isMG vrgy anykF hI ‘kudrq dy bMidaF’ ƒ jMg ivwc AuqfrdIaF hn aqy ‘Drq-aflxHy’ Auqly mnuwKf-vfs dIaF kUV buinafdI-ÈrqF aqy inXmF dIaF DwjIaF AuzfAuNdy hoey afkIaF ƒ vMgfrdIaF hn aqy qvfËn sQfpq krdIaF hn . sfDfrx mnuwK qF afkIaF dy inËfm dy sMcfr, iswiKaf, Ébrnfmy aqy jbrnfmy dy dubfrf clfieaf jFdf hI cwldf hY . so ieh igafn ivhUxf, BfghIx rwXq-smUh afkI dy qyj df pujfrI afpUM hI afpxy mukqIdfrF ivruwD KVH ky, kudrq dy bMidaF AuWqy afkIaF dy jbr aqy bIj-nfÈk hmly ƒ mfnqf dy ky sndbwD krdf hY aqy murdfr, XfnI byhwkI sMpY, dy hwk ivwc ÈfhdI Brdf hY, ÊulfmI krdf hY. ieh vI afkIaF dI srdfrI vflf vrqfrf hY ik Auh hr sfl, hr dihsfl, hr ÈqfbdI aqy hr dihsdI df pRqIinDI mhfn mnuwK, afpxy DVy ivwcoN hI cux ky aYlfndy hn, ijvyN ik bfËfr dI sB qoN sohxI nfr . Éfs kr ky nvyN afkIaF dI ‘mhfn[[[[[[[’cox qF hor vI lfBkfrI hY aqy ieh bfËfr df inXm hY aqy ieh rfvfieq afpxy kTpuqly syvfdfrF, buDIjIvIaF, klfkfrF jF hor KyqrF vfly aqy JolI-cuwkF ƒ mnuwKI mfniskqf dy leI afdrÈF dy qOr ’qy pyÈ krdI hoeI AuhnF ƒ mflfmfl krdI hY . Drq aflHxy AuWqy pRgt Ëfhrf-ËhUr kfienfqI swc dy hwk ivwc awj sfry sMsfr ivwc jfgy hoey mnuwKF dI Gwt-igxqI koiÈÈmMd hY prMqU AuhnF ny gurbfxI ÌlsÌy aqy igafn ƒ afpxf pMQ mMn ky hflF sMpUrx mËmUn ƒ smJxf hY . ieh iewk rhwsmeI BydpUrx jugq hY ijhVI, afkIaF dy iÉlfÌ ‘jUJx dy dfE’ vflI, siqgur nfnk sfihb qoN afrMB ho ky Éflsf-kfl qIkr lgBg sfZy iqMn sO sfl cwlI. ies dy ijAUNdy aqy pRsMgk hox dy sbUq AudoN iml jFdy hn jdoN Ëfhrf-ËhUr, hfËrf-hËUr kudrq dy XoiDaF dy vhIr, smyq BfeI jrnYl isMG dy, svflwKIey inwqr ky afkI ktkF ivruwD swc leI Èhfdq dy jFdy hn . aijhf Èfhkfr kfrnfmf sfzy ijihaF df eImfn aqy hwk-swc ivwc XkIn kfiem krfAuNdf hY aqy sfzy mn aqy ihridaF dy sMqfp ƒ hrn krdf hoieaf zUMGI mfnisk inhclqf bÉiÈÈ krdf hY . aijhy prAupkfrI, inhklMk, inrml-buwD Aujwl-dIdfr BfeI jrnYl isMG, mnuwKI pfpF ƒ zIk ky pIx vfly aqy mnuwKI mn aMdr aMimRq sMcfr krn vfly-ijnHF df afpxf koeI vI svfrQ nËr nhIN afAudf, XkInn hI vIhvIN sdI dy mhfn mnuwK hoey hn . bfkI jokF ny qF lokF ƒ mhfn nhIN aYlfnxf; jdoN ik jokF ny jIxf lokF dy lhU AuWqy hI hY-BfvyN ik keI jokF ÉUn cUsx dIaF eykfiDkfrI hn aqy dUjIaF, ijhVIaF cfhuMdIaF hn ik sfrIaF jokF ƒ KUn dI smfn vMz hoxI cfhIdI hY .

*  mhF hmlfvr

*  bfhrI (bRfhmxI) pRBfv ’coN imlI hox kfrx .

*  aksr asI, duinafvI nËry, mMidaF dy bdl vjoN iksy hor mMdy ƒ hI Blf smJ

   bYTdy hF .